Parkinsons breakthrough as psilocybin trial delivers unexpected results

The first clinical trial investigating whether psilocybin, the psychedelic compound found in magic mushrooms, could treat Parkinson’s disease has yielded promising early-stage results. Scientists have described the findings as both exciting and unexpected, with participants reporting significant improvements in mood, cognition, and motor function.

The study involved 12 patients diagnosed with mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease, with an average age of 63. Each participant was administered two relatively high doses of psilocybin—10mg followed by 25mg two weeks later—under controlled settings and accompanied by psychotherapy. Over the course of follow-up assessments conducted at one week, one month, and three months post-dosing, patients reported enhanced mood and notable improvements in their motor abilities that extended well past the period during which the drug would remain active in their systems.

Parkinson’s disease affects an estimated 153,000 people in the UK. It is caused by the gradual loss of nerve cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the brain responsible for producing dopamine—the chemical essential for regulating movement. Early symptoms often include tremors, memory difficulties, anxiety, and depression, making the findings of this study particularly significant, as psilocybin appears to address both physical and emotional aspects of the condition.

The trial, led by Dr Ellen Bradley of the University of California San Francisco, demonstrated the therapy’s safety. Although some participants experienced nausea, anxiety, and elevated blood pressure during treatment, these side effects were not deemed severe enough to require medical attention. Dr Bradley remarked, “The patients were able to complete high-dose psilocybin therapy without serious side effects. This was incredibly encouraging, as there were concerns about the risks of psychedelics for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases.”

Experts believe that improved mood could have spurred increased social engagement and physical activity in participants, potentially enhancing their mental and physical health. Additionally, psilocybin’s effects on brain inflammation and its ability to stimulate neuroplasticity—a process where the brain reorganises and forms new neural pathways—may play a critical role.

This pilot study paves the way for a larger clinical trial involving 100 patients. Funded in part by the Michael J Fox Foundation and an anonymous donor, the upcoming research will explore psilocybin’s efficacy while examining its biological impact through advanced techniques such as imaging, blood analysis, and brain stimulation. Dr Bradley added, “The Parkinson’s community has been incredibly supportive of this research. We are hopeful this next step will accelerate progress towards meaningful treatments and help meet the needs of patients worldwide.”

While it remains early days for psychedelic therapies in treating neurodegenerative disorders, this study offers a glimpse of hope for advancing care for a disease that has long been without a transformative treatment.