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The British government’s borrowing reached £17.8 billion in December, marking the highest December deficit since 2020 and exceeding official forecasts by £3.2 billion. This significant increase reflects mounting pressures from public sector pay rises and elevated benefit payments.
According to the Office for National Statistics, public expenditure climbed by £12.9 billion year-on-year to £100.2 billion last month. The surge was primarily attributed to inflation-linked benefit increases and rising operational costs across government departments. A notable £1.7 billion repurchase of military housing facilities contributed substantially to the spending increase.
The deficit figures have sparked concerns about Chancellor Rachel Reeves’s fiscal headroom. Speaking at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Reeves maintained her commitment to existing fiscal rules, describing them as the “bedrock” of economic stability. Despite mounting pressure, she firmly stated there would be no new budget measures in March.
Debt interest payments reached £8.3 billion in December, representing one of the highest monthly totals since records began in 1997. The government’s preferred measure of debt – public sector net financial liabilities – rose to 84.5% of GDP, while the traditional measure of public sector net debt stood at 97.2%.
Treasury revenues showed some positive movement, with tax receipts increasing by £2.3 billion compared to the previous year, reaching £85.6 billion. This improvement was driven by higher corporation tax and income tax collections. However, social security contributions declined by £2.1 billion, reflecting the recent reduction in personal national insurance contributions.
Market reactions remained subdued, with the FTSE 100 showing minimal movement. The pound sterling experienced a modest decline against the US dollar, while government bond yields maintained their upward trajectory, adding further pressure to the UK’s fiscal position.
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