England and Wales permit digital ID apps for age verification in pubs

Pubs and shops in England and Wales are permitted to accept digital identification applications as proof of age under new regulations that came into force on Tuesday. The government has introduced the measure to provide customers with an alternative to physical documents, arguing that digital verification will streamline the process and enhance security for both patrons and staff. While the new rules allow businesses to use these technologies, they do not mandate their use, meaning establishments can continue to rely on traditional forms of identification if they prefer.

Under the voluntary scheme, customers may select from a range of government-approved suppliers, including the Post Office, Yoti, and Luciditi. The approach is described as technology-agnostic, meaning the government has not prescribed specific technical methods for how each application must function. Instead, the focus is on reducing the amount of personal data shared during transactions. Drinkers can verify their age by tapping a mobile device on a reader or displaying a scannable code, rather than handing over a physical document. This method is designed to limit the exposure of sensitive personal information to venue staff.

Security features are integral to the design of these applications to prevent fraud. Providers must ensure that the digital identity belongs to the individual using it, guarding against the borrowing of devices from older relatives or friends. For instance, Yoti requires a facial scan that matches the registered user before allowing login. The application then generates a time-limited QR code for business verification. This temporary nature of the code is intended to make it more difficult for users to share or duplicate the verification credential. The government aims for these services to be interoperable, allowing customers to use the same application across different venues without needing multiple apps. Additionally, the system is designed to function offline, ensuring accessibility even without mobile data or Wi-Fi connections.

Digital government minister Stephanie Peacock stated that the option for digital ID means individuals do not need to carry physical documents or hand over sensitive information, allowing them to feel safer when going out. Allen Simpson, chief executive of UKHospitality, welcomed the change as a positive step. He noted that the industry would collaborate with the government to ensure the rollout is not burdensome, emphasising the need for multiple supplier options and cost efficiency. The government has indicated that the scheme could eventually be extended to cover the sale of tobacco and vapes.

However, digital rights campaigners have raised concerns about potential exclusion. Jasleen Chaggar of Big Brother Watch argued that while multiple identity verification methods are helpful, the government must ensure digital ID does not become effectively mandatory. She warned that such a requirement would shut out millions of people who rely on physical ID due to privacy concerns, lack of digital skills, or other legitimate reasons. Chaggar urged the government to expressly prohibit businesses from requiring digital IDs without offering reasonable alternatives. These new rules follow the abandonment of a wider digital ID programme previously promoted by former Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, which was later scrapped by Andy Burnham.