Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has fled to Moscow following a dramatic rebel offensive that seized control of Damascus, ending his family’s 50-year rule over the war-torn nation. Russian state media confirmed Assad’s arrival in the Russian capital after a lightning-fast 12-day campaign led by the Islamist group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS).
The rebel forces, spearheaded by HTS leader Abu Mohammad al-Jolani, captured Aleppo within 48 hours before advancing southward to overwhelm the capital. Scenes of jubilation erupted across Damascus as citizens celebrated the fall of the regime, whilst looters stormed the presidential palace, destroying symbols of Assad family rule.
Regional powers have moved swiftly to respond to the power vacuum. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu deployed forces to the Golan Heights buffer zone, citing security concerns after Syrian army units abandoned their positions. Turkey expressed optimism about Assad’s departure but warned of potential exploitation by terrorist organisations.
The stunning collapse of the Assad government marks a significant setback for its primary backers, Iran and Russia. Moscow’s strategic Mediterranean naval and air bases now face an uncertain future, while Iran’s influential “land bridge” to Lebanon through Syrian territory appears compromised.
HTS leadership has moved to establish order in Damascus, implementing a curfew and taking control of government ministries. Syrian Prime Minister Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali has indicated his willingness to work with the new leadership, emphasising the importance of preserving state institutions during the transition.
The international community now faces the challenge of stabilising a nation fractured by 13 years of civil war. Regional diplomats report that key powers, including Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Jordan, Russia, and Qatar, have agreed to coordinate efforts to maintain stability in this crucial phase of Syria’s history.
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